Weather forecasting has evolved significantly from the traditional methods of observing natural phenomena to predict weather changes.
Today, meteorological satellites stand as the pinnacle of reliability and accuracy in weather prediction. Leveraging advancements in science and technology, these satellites offer a comprehensive view of Earth's atmosphere from space, enabling real-time weather updates and forecasts.
Meteorological satellites serve as high-altitude weather stations equipped with a range of atmospheric remote sensing instruments to observe both the atmosphere and the Earth's surface.
They offer a comprehensive perspective of various weather conditions across oceans, landmasses, plateaus, and deserts.
These satellites play a crucial role in filling the gaps in conventional weather detection data, particularly in sparsely populated areas like oceans, plateaus, and deserts.
By capturing cloud systems formed by different air masses, satellite observation instruments generate detailed images that aid in weather analysis and forecasting.
Furthermore, meteorological satellites are equipped with data collectors, mainly used to receive data about the earth's environment such as meteorology and hydrology from data collection platforms across the country and to forward it to the meteorological satellite ground system.
They can also obtain some quantitative detection information, such as atmospheric temperature, humidity, air pressure, ozone content, atmospheric radiation, high-altitude wind direction, and wind speed. This is why people often say that meteorological satellites are "clairvoyant."
Meteorological satellites offer a multitude of advantages, with their extensive observation capabilities being among the most notable.
Equipped with a diverse array of meteorological observation instruments, television cameras, and image transmission systems, these satellites can swiftly and continuously monitor weather patterns on a global scale.
They can capture a comprehensive view of cloud cover worldwide and promptly transmit this data to ground-based stations for analysis and forecasting purposes.
In weather forecasting, satellite cloud maps are captured in two primary forms: visible cloud maps and infrared cloud maps. Visible cloud maps rely on the reflection of sunlight by objects on the Earth's surface and are effective only during daylight hours.
Conversely, infrared cloud maps utilize temperature readings from objects on the Earth's surface and the degree of temperature radiation in the atmosphere, allowing for continuous monitoring regardless of daylight availability.
The data collected by meteorological satellites, including satellite cloud maps, air humidity, and temperature, is transmitted to ground users promptly, continuously, and comprehensively. However, upon receiving this information, it undergoes processing by a high-capacity, fast, and fully operational computer system. The processing of image data is a complex task, resulting in cloud maps represented by various shades of black, white, and gray for detailed analysis. By integrating all meteorological data, comprehensive analysis enables accurate weather forecasting.
In conclusion, meteorological satellites play a crucial role in contemporary weather forecasting. Their extensive observational range, rapid data acquisition, and diverse array of instruments offer a comprehensive perspective on global weather patterns. They have significantly advanced our ability to comprehend and anticipate weather phenomena, enhancing our capacity to prepare for diverse atmospheric conditions.
